The encounter with ser Brunetto Latino

Guide to the canto

Where we are

The journey continues along the bank of the seventh circle, where a stream covered by smoke shields from the fire. The embankments recall the dikes of the Flemings and the Paduans, built to defend themselves from water. Here walk the violent against nature, and a band of souls advances on the opposite side. The conflict arises at once: Dante recognizes a familiar face and must answer uncomfortable questions, without being able to stop.

Whom we meet

The central figure is ser Brunetto Latino, whom Brunetto himself points to as a teacher for Dante, now damned. Dante approaches him with filial respect, but Brunetto remains a damned soul who speaks with authority. Brunetto then names Priscian, Francesco d'Accorso, and a Florentine transferred by the Pope from the Arno to the Bacchiglione. Virgil does not explain: he turns, looks at Dante, and silently approves whoever knows how to grasp the lesson.

What to expect

The encounter is a rapid but weighty farewell. Brunetto prophesies that the pure Florentine will be opposed by his own people, and Dante replies with firmness, entrusting himself to Fortune. One question remains open: how will the teaching left by the master weigh on the future mission? The journey continues, amid flames and encounters that grow ever more hurried.

Read the canto

Inferno · Canto XV
Translated by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1867).
Paraphrase

Now bears us onward one of the hard margins,

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And so the brooklet's mist o'ershadows it,

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From fire it saves the water and the dikes.

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Even as the Flemings, 'twixt Cadsand and Bruges,

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Fearing the flood that tow'rds them hurls itself,

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Their bulwarks build to put the sea to flight;

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And as the Paduans along the Brenta,

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To guard their villas and their villages,

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Or ever Chiarentana feel the heat;

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In such similitude had those been made,

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Albeit not so lofty nor so thick,

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Whoever he might be, the master made them.

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Now were we from the forest so remote,

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I could not have discovered where it was,

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Even if backward I had turned myself,

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When we a company of souls encountered,

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Who came beside the dike, and every one

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Gazed at us, as at evening we are wont

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To eye each other under a new moon,

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And so towards us sharpened they their brows

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As an old tailor at the needle's eye.

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Thus scrutinised by such a family,

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By some one I was recognised, who seized

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My garment's hem, and cried out, "What a marvel!"

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And I, when he stretched forth his arm to me,

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On his baked aspect fastened so mine eyes,

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That the scorched countenance prevented not

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His recognition by my intellect;

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And bowing down my face unto his own,

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I made reply, "Are you here, Ser Brunetto?"

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And he: "May't not displease thee, O my son,

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If a brief space with thee Brunetto Latini

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Backward return and let the trail go on."

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I said to him: "With all my power I ask it;

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And if you wish me to sit down with you,

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I will, if he please, for I go with him."

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"O son," he said, "whoever of this herd

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A moment stops, lies then a hundred years,

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Nor fans himself when smiteth him the fire.

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Therefore go on; I at thy skirts will come,

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And afterward will I rejoin my band,

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Which goes lamenting its eternal doom."

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I did not dare to go down from the road

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Level to walk with him; but my head bowed

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I held as one who goeth reverently.

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And he began: "What fortune or what fate

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Before the last day leadeth thee down here?

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And who is this that showeth thee the way?"

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"Up there above us in the life serene,"

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I answered him, "I lost me in a valley,

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Or ever yet my age had been completed.

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But yestermorn I turned my back upon it;

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This one appeared to me, returning thither,

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And homeward leadeth me along this road."

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And he to me: "If thou thy star do follow,

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Thou canst not fail thee of a glorious port,

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If well I judged in the life beautiful.

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And if I had not died so prematurely,

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Seeing Heaven thus benignant unto thee,

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I would have given thee comfort in the work.

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But that ungrateful and malignant people,

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Which of old time from Fesole descended,

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And smacks still of the mountain and the granite,

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Will make itself, for thy good deeds, thy foe;

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And it is right; for among crabbed sorbs

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It ill befits the sweet fig to bear fruit.

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Old rumour in the world proclaims them blind;

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A people avaricious, envious, proud;

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Take heed that of their customs thou do cleanse thee.

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Thy fortune so much honour doth reserve thee,

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One party and the other shall be hungry

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For thee; but far from goat shall be the grass.

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Their litter let the beasts of Fesole

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Make of themselves, nor let them touch the plant,

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If any still upon their dunghill rise,

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In which may yet revive the consecrated

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Seed of those Romans, who remained there when

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The nest of such great malice it became."

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"If my entreaty wholly were fulfilled,"

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Replied I to him, "not yet would you be

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In banishment from human nature placed;

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For in my mind is fixed, and touches now

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My heart the dear and good paternal image

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Of you, when in the world from hour to hour

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You taught me how a man becomes eternal;

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And how much I am grateful, while I live

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Behoves that in my language be discerned.

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What you narrate of my career I write,

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And keep it to be glossed with other text

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By a Lady who can do it, if I reach her.

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This much will I have manifest to you;

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Provided that my conscience do not chide me,

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For whatsoever Fortune I am ready.

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Such handsel is not new unto mine ears;

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Therefore let Fortune turn her wheel around

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As it may please her, and the churl his mattock."

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My Master thereupon on his right cheek

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Did backward turn himself, and looked at me;

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Then said: "He listeneth well who noteth it."

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Nor speaking less on that account, I go

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With Ser Brunetto, and I ask who are

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His most known and most eminent companions.

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And he to me: "To know of some is well;

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Of others it were laudable to be silent,

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For short would be the time for so much speech.

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Know them in sum, that all of them were clerks,

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And men of letters great and of great fame,

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In the world tainted with the selfsame sin.

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Priscian goes yonder with that wretched crowd,

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And Francis of Accorso; and thou hadst seen there

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If thou hadst had a hankering for such scurf,

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That one, who by the Servant of the Servants

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From Arno was transferred to Bacchiglione,

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Where he has left his sin-excited nerves.

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More would I say, but coming and discoursing

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Can be no longer; for that I behold

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New smoke uprising yonder from the sand.

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A people comes with whom I may not be;

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Commended unto thee be my Tesoro,

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In which I still live, and no more I ask."

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Then he turned round, and seemed to be of those

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Who at Verona run for the Green Mantle

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Across the plain; and seemed to be among them

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The one who wins, and not the one who loses.

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