Guide to the canto Where we are Dante and Virgil descend from the bridge that overlooks the eighth bolgia and lean out over the ninth, where the damned are torn open by a devil who reopens their wounds at every pass. The impact is visual and olfactory: bodies split open, hanging entrails, a stench described as unbearable. From the ordered fire of the flames one passes to a ditch of sliced flesh and of voices that come from ripped-open throats.
Whom we meet In the bolgia appear Maometto, who opens his chest and names Alì who goes before him; Pier da Medicina, who entrusts Dante with a message for two men of Fano and points out a neighboring traitor as the one responsible; Curione, indicated by a companion whose mouth is forced open; the Mosca degli Uberti, remembered for the phrase that armed the Florentines against Buondelmonte; and Bertram dal Bornio, who walks holding his own severed head like a lantern.
What to expect From this bolgia Dante comes out laden with prophecies to deliver, especially for Fano and for Romagna. Bertram dal Bornio, the last of the group, closes the encounter by naming himself and explaining the contrapasso of his punishment. The journey now sets out toward the last bolgia, where the betrayers of benefactors await under the ice.
Who ever could, e'en with untrammelled words,
1 Tell of the blood and of the wounds in full
2 Which now I saw, by many times narrating?
3 No tongue, however fluent, could ever fully describe the blood and the wounds I saw in that moment, even if I tried to tell of them countless times. · Verses 1-3
Each tongue would for a certainty fall short
4 By reason of our speech and memory,
5 That have small room to comprehend so much.
6 If were again assembled all the people
7 Which formerly upon the fateful land
8 Of Puglia were lamenting for their blood
9 Every language, I am certain, would fall short of our speech and our mind, too limited to contain such a sight. If all the people were gathered who once, in the fortunate land of Puglia, wept their own blood for the Punic wars and for the long siege of Cannae, where so many fell that a mountain of rings was made, as Livy, who never errs, recounts. · Verses 4-9
Shed by the Romans and the lingering war
10 That of the rings made such illustrious spoils,
11 As Livy has recorded, who errs not,
12 With those who felt the agony of blows
13 By making counterstand to Robert Guiscard,
14 And all the rest, whose bones are gathered still
15 At Ceperano, where a renegade
16 Was each Apulian, and at Tagliacozzo,
17 Where without arms the old Alardo conquered,
18 Even adding the multitude who suffered for fighting against Robert Guiscard, and the other whose bones are still gathered at Ceprano, where every Puglian proved false, and at Tagliacozzo, where old Alardo won without arms, it would still be impossible to match the monstrousness of what appears in the ninth bolgia. · Verses 10-18
And one his limb transpierced, and one lopped off,
19 Should show, it would be nothing to compare
20 With the disgusting mode of the ninth Bolgia.
21 A cask by losing centre-piece or cant
22 Was never shattered so, as I saw one
23 Rent from the chin to where one breaketh wind.
24 Even showing the pierced limbs and the stumps of those fallen, the horror of the ninth bolgia would not be equaled. A barrel, for losing its bottom or a hoop, is not pierced the way I saw one damned soul, split open from the chin down to where the body evacuates. · Verses 19-24
Between his legs were hanging down his entrails;
25 His heart was visible, and the dismal sack
26 That maketh excrement of what is eaten.
27 While I was all absorbed in seeing him,
28 He looked at me, and opened with his hands
29 His bosom, saying: "See now how I rend me;
30 How mutilated, see, is Mahomet;
31 In front of me doth Ali weeping go,
32 Cleft in the face from forelock unto chin;
33 And all the others whom thou here beholdest,
34 Disseminators of scandal and of schism
35 While living were, and therefore are cleft thus.
36 As I kept looking at him, he turned his eyes to me and with his hands opened his chest, saying: "Now see how I tear myself apart! Look how mangled Mohammed is! Ahead of me walks weeping Ali, his face split from chin to forelock. And all the others you see here, sowers of scandal and schism when they were alive, are therefore cut like this." · Verses 28-36
A devil is behind here, who doth cleave us
37 Thus cruelly, unto the falchion's edge
38 Putting again each one of all this ream,
39 When we have gone around the doleful road;
40 By reason that our wounds are closed again
41 Ere any one in front of him repass.
42 But who art thou, that musest on the crag,
43 Perchance to postpone going to the pain
44 That is adjudged upon thine accusations?"
45 "A devil is behind us who slashes us so cruelly, reopening the wounds with his sword at every pass, when we walk again along the road of sorrow, because the gashes close up before anyone else comes before us. But who are you, standing there on the edge of the ditch, perhaps to delay the punishment that has been judged for your sins?" he asked me. · Verses 37-45
"Nor death hath reached him yet, nor guilt doth bring him,"
46 My Master made reply, "to be tormented;
47 But to procure him full experience,
48 Me, who am dead, behoves it to conduct him
49 Down here through Hell, from circle unto circle;
50 And this is true as that I speak to thee."
51 "Neither death has reached him yet, nor any guilt brings him here to be tormented," my master answered. "But to give him full experience, it falls to me, who am dead, to lead him through Hell, circle after circle; and this is true, just as I am speaking to you." · Verses 46-51
More than a hundred were there when they heard him,
52 Who in the moat stood still to look at me,
53 Through wonderment oblivious of their torture.
54 "Now say to Fra Dolcino, then, to arm him,
55 Thou, who perhaps wilt shortly see the sun,
56 If soon he wish not here to follow me,
57 More than a hundred of them, hearing him speak, stopped in the ditch to stare at me in wonder, forgetting for a moment their torment. · Verses 52-57
So with provisions, that no stress of snow
58 May give the victory to the Novarese,
59 Which otherwise to gain would not be easy."
60 After one foot to go away he lifted,
61 This word did Mahomet say unto me,
62 Then to depart upon the ground he stretched it.
63 Then Mohammed said: "Tell fra Dolcino, then, to arm himself well, you who perhaps will see the sun again soon, if he does not want to follow me here at once, and to stock provisions such that a heavy snowfall will not bring the victory to the Novarese, for otherwise it would not be easy to win." After speaking these words, with one foot lifted to leave, he stretched himself along the ground to resume his walk. · Verses 58-63
Another one, who had his throat pierced through,
64 And nose cut off close underneath the brows,
65 And had no longer but a single ear,
66 Staying to look in wonder with the others,
67 Before the others did his gullet open,
68 Which outwardly was red in every part,
69 And said: "O thou, whom guilt doth not condemn,
70 And whom I once saw up in Latian land,
71 Unless too great similitude deceive me,
72 Another damned soul, who had his throat split open and his nose cut off to just below the eyebrows, with only one ear, stopped to stare along with the others, opened his blood-red mouth and said: "O you whom no guilt condemns and whom I saw, if too much likeness does not deceive me, up there in the Italian land, remember Pier da Medicina, if you ever return to see the sweet plain that slopes down from Vercelli toward the sea." · Verses 64-72
Call to remembrance Pier da Medicina,
73 If e'er thou see again the lovely plain
74 That from Vercelli slopes to Marcabo,
75 And make it known to the best two of Fano,
76 To Messer Guido and Angiolello likewise,
77 That if foreseeing here be not in vain,
78 Cast over from their vessel shall they be,
79 And drowned near unto the Cattolica,
80 By the betrayal of a tyrant fell.
81 "And make known to the two best men of Fano, to messer Guido and also to Angiolello, that, if foreknowledge here is not in vain, they will be thrown from their ship and drowned near Cattolica through the treachery of a cruel tyrant." · Verses 73-81
Between the isles of Cyprus and Majorca
82 Neptune ne'er yet beheld so great a crime,
83 Neither of pirates nor Argolic people.
84 That traitor, who sees only with one eye,
85 And holds the land, which some one here with me
86 Would fain be fasting from the vision of,
87 Will make them come unto a parley with him;
88 Then will do so, that to Focara's wind
89 They will not stand in need of vow or prayer."
90 "Between the island of Cyprus and Mallorca, Neptune has never seen so great a crime, whether by pirates or by Argive men. That traitor who sees only with one eye and holds the land that he who is here with me would be glad never to see, will lure them to a parley with him; then he will see to it that, at the Focara wind, neither vows nor prayers will be enough for them." · Verses 82-90
And I to him: "Show to me and declare,
91 If thou wouldst have me bear up news of thee,
92 Who is this person of the bitter vision."
93 Then did he lay his hand upon the jaw
94 Of one of his companions, and his mouth
95 Oped, crying: "This is he, and he speaks not.
96 This one, being banished, every doubt submerged
97 In Caesar by affirming the forearmed
98 Always with detriment allowed delay."
99 Then I said to him: "Point him out to me and tell me, if you want me to carry news of you up above, who is that one with the bitter gaze." And he put his hand on the jaw of one of his companions, pried his mouth open, and cried: "This is he, and he cannot speak. This man, once exiled, drowned all doubt in Caesar, affirming that whoever has armed himself always suffers harm by waiting." · Verses 91-99
O how bewildered unto me appeared,
100 With tongue asunder in his windpipe slit,
101 Curio, who in speaking was so bold!
102 And one, who both his hands dissevered had,
103 The stumps uplifting through the murky air,
104 So that the blood made horrible his face,
105 Cried out: "Thou shalt remember Mosca also,
106 Who said, alas! 'A thing done has an end!'
107 Which was an ill seed for the Tuscan people."
108 How bewildered he seemed to me, with his tongue cut off in his throat, Curio, who was so bold to speak! And one who had both hands cut off, lifting his stumps into the dark air so that the blood made his face filthy, shouted: "You will remember the Mosca too, who said, alas, 'A thing once done is done,' and who was an evil seed for the Tuscan people." · Verses 100-108
"And death unto thy race," thereto I added;
109 Whence he, accumulating woe on woe,
110 Departed, like a person sad and crazed.
111 But I remained to look upon the crowd;
112 And saw a thing which I should be afraid,
113 Without some further proof, even to recount,
114 I added: "And the death of your kin as well." At that, he, piling grief upon grief, went his way like a mad and wretched man. But I remained to stare at that crowd, and I saw something that, with no other evidence, I would be afraid to tell of. · Verses 109-114
If it were not that conscience reassures me,
115 That good companion which emboldens man
116 Beneath the hauberk of its feeling pure.
117 I truly saw, and still I seem to see it,
118 A trunk without a head walk in like manner
119 As walked the others of the mournful herd.
120 And yet conscience reassures me, along with the good companionship that gives a man courage under the shield of feeling pure. I saw clearly, and still I seem to see it, a headless trunk walking the way the rest of the sorrowful herd walked. · Verses 115-120
And by the hair it held the head dissevered,
121 Hung from the hand in fashion of a lantern,
122 And that upon us gazed and said: "O me!"
123 It of itself made to itself a lamp,
124 And they were two in one, and one in two;
125 How that can be, He knows who so ordains it.
126 And the severed head he held by the hair, dangling from his hand like a lantern; and it gazed at us and said: "Oh me!" He made of himself a lamp unto himself, and they were two in one and one in two: how this can be, he knows who so orders it. · Verses 121-126
When it was come close to the bridge's foot,
127 It lifted high its arm with all the head,
128 To bring more closely unto us its words,
129 Which were: "Behold now the sore penalty,
130 Thou, who dost breathing go the dead beholding;
131 Behold if any be as great as this.
132 And so that thou may carry news of me,
133 Know that Bertram de Born am I, the same
134 Who gave to the Young King the evil comfort.
135 When he stood upright at the foot of the bridge, he raised his arm on high together with his head, to bring his words closer to us, and they were: "Now look upon this painful torment, you who, still breathing, go about seeing the dead: see if any is as great as this. And so that you may carry news of me, know that I am Bertrand de Born, the one who gave the young king the evil counsels." · Verses 127-135
I made the father and the son rebellious;
136 Achitophel not more with Absalom
137 And David did with his accursed goadings.
138 Because I parted persons so united,
139 Parted do I now bear my brain, alas!
140 From its beginning, which is in this trunk.
141 Thus is observed in me the counterpoise."
142 "I made the father and the son rebel against each other: Ahithophel did no more with Absalom and David, with his wicked goadings. Because I divided persons so joined, I bear my brain, alas, divided from its source, which is in this trunk. Thus in me the counter-penalty is observed." · Verses 136-142
The list of places is under editorial review.
https://divinacommediaonline.it/en/inferno/canto-28