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Purgatory, Canto IX

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The Eagle's Dream, Lucia, and the Gate

Guide to the canto

Where we are

We are at dawn in the valley of the princes: Dante falls asleep on the grass beside Virgil, while Sordello and the other souls withdraw. Upon waking, the sun is already high, the fright of the dream still clings to him, and Virgil leads him up the slope to a gate that appears as a fissure in the rock. Here the true access to Purgatory begins.

Whom we meet

Virgil, who takes the initiative and guides Dante to the gate, is the sole guide of the canto. Lucia, encountered previously, descends at dawn to take the sleeping Dante, carries him upward, and indicates the open entrance with her eyes, though she does not speak directly. Finally the angel porter appears, seated on the highest step with a naked sword and the two keys; he questions the travelers, inscribes the seven P's on Dante's forehead, and at last opens the entrance.

What to expect

After the opening of the gate Dante enters Purgatory proper, welcomed by a sound of singing and organs. The encounter with the angel marks a ritual passage: the seven P's inscribed on the forehead indicate that the path of purification has only just begun. The reader must prepare for a new structure, made up of cornices, prayers, and punishments, and for the question of how each sin may be washed away.

Read the canto

Purgatory · Canto IX
Translated by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1867).
Paraphrase

The concubine of old Tithonus now

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Gleamed white upon the eastern balcony,

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Forth from the arms of her sweet paramour;

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With gems her forehead all relucent was,

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Set in the shape of that cold animal

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Which with its tail doth smite amain the nations,

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And of the steps, with which she mounts, the Night

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Had taken two in that place where we were,

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And now the third was bending down its wings;

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When I, who something had of Adam in me,

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Vanquished by sleep, upon the grass reclined,

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There were all five of us already sat.

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Just at the hour when her sad lay begins

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The little swallow, near unto the morning,

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Perchance in memory of her former woes,

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And when the mind of man, a wanderer

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More from the flesh, and less by thought imprisoned,

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Almost prophetic in its visions is,

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In dreams it seemed to me I saw suspended

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An eagle in the sky, with plumes of gold,

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With wings wide open, and intent to stoop,

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And this, it seemed to me, was where had been

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By Ganymede his kith and kin abandoned,

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When to the high consistory he was rapt.

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I thought within myself, perchance he strikes

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From habit only here, and from elsewhere

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Disdains to bear up any in his feet.

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Then wheeling somewhat more, it seemed to me,

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Terrible as the lightning he descended,

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And snatched me upward even to the fire.

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Therein it seemed that he and I were burning,

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And the imagined fire did scorch me so,

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That of necessity my sleep was broken.

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Not otherwise Achilles started up,

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Around him turning his awakened eyes,

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And knowing not the place in which he was,

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What time from Chiron stealthily his mother

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Carried him sleeping in her arms to Scyros,

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Wherefrom the Greeks withdrew him afterwards,

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Than I upstarted, when from off my face

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Sleep fled away; and pallid I became,

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As doth the man who freezes with affright.

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Only my Comforter was at my side,

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And now the sun was more than two hours high,

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And turned towards the sea-shore was my face.

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"Be not intimidated," said my Lord,

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"Be reassured, for all is well with us;

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Do not restrain, but put forth all thy strength.

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Thou hast at length arrived at Purgatory;

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See there the cliff that closes it around;

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See there the entrance, where it seems disjoined.

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Whilom at dawn, which doth precede the day,

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When inwardly thy spirit was asleep

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Upon the flowers that deck the land below,

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There came a Lady and said: 'I am Lucia;

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Let me take this one up, who is asleep;

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So will I make his journey easier for him.'

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Sordello and the other noble shapes

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Remained; she took thee, and, as day grew bright,

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Upward she came, and I upon her footsteps.

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She laid thee here; and first her beauteous eyes

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That open entrance pointed out to me;

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Then she and sleep together went away."

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In guise of one whose doubts are reassured,

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And who to confidence his fear doth change,

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After the truth has been discovered to him,

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So did I change; and when without disquiet

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My Leader saw me, up along the cliff

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He moved, and I behind him, tow'rd the height.

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Reader, thou seest well how I exalt

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My theme, and therefore if with greater art

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I fortify it, marvel not thereat.

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Nearer approached we, and were in such place,

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That there, where first appeared to me a rift

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Like to a crevice that disparts a wall,

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I saw a portal, and three stairs beneath,

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Diverse in colour, to go up to it,

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And a gate-keeper, who yet spake no word.

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And as I opened more and more mine eyes,

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I saw him seated on the highest stair,

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Such in the face that I endured it not.

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And in his hand he had a naked sword,

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Which so reflected back the sunbeams tow'rds us,

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That oft in vain I lifted up mine eyes.

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"Tell it from where you are, what is't you wish?"

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Began he to exclaim; "where is the escort?

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Take heed your coming hither harm you not!"

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"A Lady of Heaven, with these things conversant,"

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My Master answered him, "but even now

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Said to us, 'Thither go; there is the portal.'"

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"And may she speed your footsteps in all good,"

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Again began the courteous janitor;

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"Come forward then unto these stairs of ours."

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Thither did we approach; and the first stair

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Was marble white, so polished and so smooth,

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I mirrored myself therein as I appear.

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The second, tinct of deeper hue than perse,

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Was of a calcined and uneven stone,

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Cracked all asunder lengthwise and across.

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The third, that uppermost rests massively,

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Porphyry seemed to me, as flaming red

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As blood that from a vein is spirting forth.

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Both of his feet was holding upon this

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The Angel of God, upon the threshold seated,

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Which seemed to me a stone of diamond.

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Along the three stairs upward with good will

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Did my Conductor draw me, saying: "Ask

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Humbly that he the fastening may undo."

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Devoutly at the holy feet I cast me,

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For mercy's sake besought that he would open,

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But first upon my breast three times I smote.

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Seven P's upon my forehead he described

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With the sword's point, and, "Take heed that thou wash

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These wounds, when thou shalt be within," he said.

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Ashes, or earth that dry is excavated,

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Of the same colour were with his attire,

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And from beneath it he drew forth two keys.

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One was of gold, and the other was of silver;

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First with the white, and after with the yellow,

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Plied he the door, so that I was content.

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"Whenever faileth either of these keys

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So that it turn not rightly in the lock,"

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He said to us, "this entrance doth not open.

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More precious one is, but the other needs

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More art and intellect ere it unlock,

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For it is that which doth the knot unloose.

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From Peter I have them; and he bade me err

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Rather in opening than in keeping shut,

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If people but fall down before my feet."

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Then pushed the portals of the sacred door,

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Exclaiming: "Enter; but I give you warning

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That forth returns whoever looks behind."

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And when upon their hinges were turned round

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The swivels of that consecrated gate,

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Which are of metal, massive and sonorous,

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Roared not so loud, nor so discordant seemed

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Tarpeia, when was ta'en from it the good

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Metellus, wherefore meagre it remained.

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At the first thunder-peal I turned attentive,

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And "Te Deum laudamus" seemed to hear

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In voices mingled with sweet melody.

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Exactly such an image rendered me

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That which I heard, as we are wont to catch,

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When people singing with the organ stand;

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For now we hear, and now hear not, the words.

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