Guide to the canto Where we are Evening falls in the valley of the princes and two angels descend from the sky with two blunted swords, taking their places on the two banks to stand guard. Sordello explains to Dante that this is a protection against the serpent that will come. The air grows dark, the stars come out, and the silence of the kings is broken by the arrival of a shade that fixes Dante with an intent gaze.
Whom we meet A shade keeps staring at Dante until it recognizes him: he is the judge Nino Visconti, who greets him with joy. Nino entrusts Dante with a message for his daughter Giovanna, asking her to pray for him, and laments that his wife, now remarried to a Visconti of Milan, will not grant him an honored tomb equal to what his own emblem, the cock of Gallura, would have secured. Only then does he call to himself Currado Malaspina, seated a little way off. Dante replies with a praise of the Malaspina house. The serpent appears and is driven back by the angels.
What to expect After the encounter, Dante's esteem for the Malaspina becomes clear, often read as a sign of a personal bond that will fill the following cantos. The serpent repelled by the angels foreshadows the nightly temptations awaiting the souls in Purgatory. Dante must now carry out the mission entrusted to him by Currado once he has returned to the world of the living.
'Twas now the hour that turneth back desire
1 In those who sail the sea, and melts the heart,
2 The day they've said to their sweet friends farewell,
3 And the new pilgrim penetrates with love,
4 If he doth hear from far away a bell
5 That seemeth to deplore the dying day,
6 When I began to make of no avail
7 My hearing, and to watch one of the souls
8 Uprisen, that begged attention with its hand.
9 It joined and lifted upward both its palms,
10 Fixing its eyes upon the orient,
11 As if it said to God, "Naught else I care for."
12 "Te lucis ante" so devoutly issued
13 Forth from its mouth, and with such dulcet notes,
14 It made me issue forth from my own mind.
15 And then the others, sweetly and devoutly,
16 Accompanied it through all the hymn entire,
17 Having their eyes on the supernal wheels.
18 Then the other souls, with sweetness and devotion, followed her through the entire hymn, keeping their eyes turned toward the heavenly spheres. · Verses 16-18
Here, Reader, fix thine eyes well on the truth,
19 For now indeed so subtile is the veil,
20 Surely to penetrate within is easy.
21 At this point, reader, sharpen your gaze well upon the truth, for the veil is now so thin that passing through it is truly easy. · Verses 19-21
I saw that army of the gentle-born
22 Thereafterward in silence upward gaze,
23 As if in expectation, pale and humble;
24 I saw that gentle host of souls then remain silent, their gaze lifted upward, almost waiting, pale and humble. · Verses 22-24
And from on high come forth and down descend,
25 I saw two Angels with two flaming swords,
26 Truncated and deprived of their points.
27 Green as the little leaflets just now born
28 Their garments were, which, by their verdant pinions
29 Beaten and blown abroad, they trailed behind.
30 One just above us came to take his station,
31 And one descended to the opposite bank,
32 So that the people were contained between them.
33 Clearly in them discerned I the blond head;
34 But in their faces was the eye bewildered,
35 As faculty confounded by excess.
36 "From Mary's bosom both of them have come,"
37 Sordello said, "as guardians of the valley
38 Against the serpent, that will come anon."
39 Whereupon I, who knew not by what road,
40 Turned round about, and closely drew myself,
41 Utterly frozen, to the faithful shoulders.
42 I, who did not know from which side the danger would come, looked around and, shivering all over, pressed myself even more closely to Virgil's trusted shoulders. · Verses 40-42
And once again Sordello: "Now descend we
43 'Mid the grand shades, and we will speak to them;
44 Right pleasant will it be for them to see you."
45 Only three steps I think that I descended,
46 And was below, and saw one who was looking
47 Only at me, as if he fain would know me.
48 Already now the air was growing dark,
49 But not so that between his eyes and mine
50 It did not show what it before locked up.
51 Tow'rds me he moved, and I tow'rds him did move;
52 Noble Judge Nino! how it me delighted,
53 When I beheld thee not among the damned!
54 No greeting fair was left unsaid between us;
55 Then asked he: "How long is it since thou camest
56 O'er the far waters to the mountain's foot?"
57 "Oh!" said I to him, "through the dismal places
58 I came this morn; and am in the first life,
59 Albeit the other, going thus, I gain."
60 I answered him: "Oh! I came this morning through the places of sin, and I am still in the life of this world, although, as I go on, I am gaining the other." · Verses 58-60
And on the instant my reply was heard,
61 He and Sordello both shrank back from me,
62 Like people who are suddenly bewildered.
63 One to Virgilius, and the other turned
64 To one who sat there, crying, "Up, Currado!
65 Come and behold what God in grace has willed!"
66 One turned to Virgil and the other to someone who was sitting there, crying: "Up, Currado! Come and see whom God, by his grace, has willed [to send]!" · Verses 64-66
Then, turned to me: "By that especial grace
67 Thou owest unto Him, who so conceals
68 His own first wherefore, that it has no ford,
69 Then, turning to me, the shade continued: "By that singular merit you owe to Him who so deeply conceals his first why, so that there is no way to reach it" · Verses 67-69
When thou shalt be beyond the waters wide,
70 Tell my Giovanna that she pray for me,
71 Where answer to the innocent is made.
72 I do not think her mother loves me more,
73 Since she has laid aside her wimple white,
74 Which she, unhappy, needs must wish again.
75 "I do not believe that your mother loves me any longer, since she has changed the white bands of mourning, which, poor woman, she ought still to be craving." · Verses 73-75
Through her full easily is comprehended
76 How long in woman lasts the fire of love,
77 If eye or touch do not relight it often.
78 So fair a hatchment will not make for her
79 The Viper marshalling the Milanese
80 A-field, as would have made Gallura's Cock."
81 In this wise spake he, with the stamp impressed
82 Upon his aspect of that righteous zeal
83 Which measurably burneth in the heart.
84 My greedy eyes still wandered up to heaven,
85 Still to that point where slowest are the stars,
86 Even as a wheel the nearest to its axle.
87 Meanwhile my eyes, greedy, kept on gazing at the sky, there where the stars move most slowly, like the wheel closest to the axle. · Verses 85-87
And my Conductor: "Son, what dost thou gaze at
88 Up there?" And I to him: "At those three torches
89 With which this hither pole is all on fire."
90 And he to me: "The four resplendent stars
91 Thou sawest this morning are down yonder low,
92 And these have mounted up to where those were."
93 As he was speaking, to himself Sordello
94 Drew him, and said, "Lo there our Adversary!"
95 And pointed with his finger to look thither.
96 While he was speaking, Sordello drew him aside and said to him: "Look there, our adversary," and pointed with his finger so that he would look in that direction. · Verses 94-96
Upon the side on which the little valley
97 No barrier hath, a serpent was; perchance
98 The same which gave to Eve the bitter food.
99 On that side, where the little valley has no barrier, there was a serpent, perhaps like the one that gave Eve her bitter food. · Verses 97-99
'Twixt grass and flowers came on the evil streak,
100 Turning at times its head about, and licking
101 Its back like to a beast that smoothes itself.
102 I did not see, and therefore cannot say
103 How the celestial falcons 'gan to move,
104 But well I saw that they were both in motion.
105 Hearing the air cleft by their verdant wings,
106 The serpent fled, and round the Angels wheeled,
107 Up to their stations flying back alike.
108 Feeling the air cut by the green wings, the serpent fled, and the angels wheeled about, flying back together to their stations. · Verses 106-108
The shade that to the Judge had near approached
109 When he had called, throughout that whole assault
110 Had not a moment loosed its gaze on me.
111 "So may the light that leadeth thee on high
112 Find in thine own free-will as much of wax
113 As needful is up to the highest azure,"
114 Began it, "if some true intelligence
115 Of Valdimagra or its neighbourhood
116 Thou knowest, tell it me, who once was great there.
117 Currado Malaspina was I called;
118 I'm not the elder, but from him descended;
119 To mine I bore the love which here refineth."
120 "O," said I unto him, "through your domains
121 I never passed, but where is there a dwelling
122 Throughout all Europe, where they are not known?
123 That fame, which doeth honour to your house,
124 Proclaims its Signors and proclaims its land,
125 So that he knows of them who ne'er was there.
126 And, as I hope for heaven, I swear to you
127 Your honoured family in naught abates
128 The glory of the purse and of the sword.
129 It is so privileged by use and nature,
130 That though a guilty head misguide the world,
131 Sole it goes right, and scorns the evil way."
132 And he: "Now go; for the sun shall not lie
133 Seven times upon the pillow which the Ram
134 With all his four feet covers and bestrides,
135 Before that such a courteous opinion
136 Shall in the middle of thy head be nailed
137 With greater nails than of another's speech,
138 Unless the course of justice standeth still."
139 The list of places is under editorial review.
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