Guide to the canto Where we are We remain on the bank of the seventh ditch, that of the thieves, after the prophecy of Vanni Fucci. The opening clash is a disorienting visual spectacle: bodies that fuse, exchange limbs, become reptiles. Dante watches from the ledge, his eyes and mind confused by the continuous metamorphosis.
Whom we meet Cacus, a centaur covered with serpents and bearing a dragon on his haunches, whom Virgil recognizes and points out as the mythical thief killed by Hercules for the theft of Geryon's herd. Then three damned souls come onto the scene, crossing the moat: one calls out for Cianfa and is bitten and coiled around by a six-footed serpent; a second, pierced by a little serpent, transforms along with it; the third remains unchanged and is Puccio Sciancato. The man-serpent who finally flees names Buoso, pointing out the companion who now crawls on all fours.
What to expect After the metamorphoses Dante carries with him the image of identities dissolving and being exchanged, and the question of who each damned soul truly was. The journey continues toward the ninth ditch, reserved for the sowers of discord, where the type of punishment changes entirely.
At the conclusion of his words, the thief
1 Lifted his hands aloft with both the figs,
2 Crying: "Take that, God, for at thee I aim them."
3 The thief ended his words by raising both hands with his fists clenched, shouting: "God, take them, for I am aiming them at you!" · Verses 1-3
From that time forth the serpents were my friends;
4 For one entwined itself about his neck
5 As if it said: "I will not thou speak more;"
6 And round his arms another, and rebound him,
7 Clinching itself together so in front,
8 That with them he could not a motion make.
9 From that moment on, the serpents were friendly to him, because one immediately coiled itself around his neck, as if to say "I do not want you to speak any more"; another wound around his arms, binding itself in front of him so tightly that the sinner could not even shake them. · Verses 4-9
Pistoia, ah, Pistoia! why resolve not
10 To burn thyself to ashes and so perish,
11 Since in ill-doing thou thy seed excellest?
12 Through all the sombre circles of this Hell,
13 Spirit I saw not against God so proud,
14 Not he who fell at Thebes down from the walls!
15 Ah, Pistoia, Pistoia, why do you not resolve to burn yourself to ashes, so that you may no longer endure, since in wrongdoing your seed never stops growing? In all the dark circles of Hell I never saw a spirit so arrogant toward God, not even the one who fell at Thebes from the walls. · Verses 10-15
He fled away, and spake no further word;
16 And I beheld a Centaur full of rage
17 Come crying out: "Where is, where is the scoffer?"
18 I do not think Maremma has so many
19 Serpents as he had all along his back,
20 As far as where our countenance begins.
21 That one fled without uttering another word, and I saw a centaur full of rage coming, shouting: "Where is he, where is the villain?" I do not believe the Maremma holds as many snakes as he had on his haunches, up to where our human mouth begins. · Verses 16-21
Upon the shoulders, just behind the nape,
22 With wings wide open was a dragon lying,
23 And he sets fire to all that he encounters.
24 Upon his shoulders, behind the nape, a dragon lay with open wings, and it sets on fire anyone who happens to cross its path. · Verses 22-24
My Master said: "That one is Cacus, who
25 Beneath the rock upon Mount Aventine
26 Created oftentimes a lake of blood.
27 He goes not on the same road with his brothers,
28 By reason of the fraudulent theft he made
29 Of the great herd, which he had near to him;
30 Whereat his tortuous actions ceased beneath
31 The mace of Hercules, who peradventure
32 Gave him a hundred, and he felt not ten."
33 My master said: "That is Cacus, who beneath the rock of Mount Aventine more than once turned blood into a pool. He does not walk the same road as his fellow centaurs because of the theft he carried out by trickery, stealing the great herd that was nearby; and so his wicked deeds came to an end beneath the club of Hercules, who perhaps gave him a hundred blows, and he did not feel even ten." · Verses 25-33
While he was speaking thus, he had passed by,
34 And spirits three had underneath us come,
35 Of which nor I aware was, nor my Leader,
36 Until what time they shouted: "Who are you?"
37 On which account our story made a halt,
38 And then we were intent on them alone.
39 While my master was speaking, that one passed on, and three spirits came up beneath us, of whom neither I nor my guide took notice, until they cried out: "Who are you?" So our tale came to a halt, and we gave our full attention to them. · Verses 34-39
I did not know them; but it came to pass,
40 As it is wont to happen by some chance,
41 That one to name the other was compelled,
42 Exclaiming: "Where can Cianfa have remained?"
43 Whence I, so that the Leader might attend,
44 Upward from chin to nose my finger laid.
45 I did not recognize them; but it happened, as often occurs by some chance, that one was forced to name another, saying: "Where can Cianfa have stayed behind?" So I, in order to keep my master's attention, put my finger from my chin to my nose. · Verses 40-45
If thou art, Reader, slow now to believe
46 What I shall say, it will no marvel be,
47 For I who saw it hardly can admit it.
48 As I was holding raised on them my brows,
49 Behold! a serpent with six feet darts forth
50 In front of one, and fastens wholly on him.
51 If you, reader, are slow to believe what I am about to tell, it is no wonder, for I who saw it can scarcely bring myself to accept it. As I kept my eyes raised toward them, a serpent with six feet launched itself at one of them and fastened onto him. · Verses 46-51
With middle feet it bound him round the paunch,
52 And with the forward ones his arms it seized;
53 Then thrust its teeth through one cheek and the other;
54 The hindermost it stretched upon his thighs,
55 And put its tail through in between the two,
56 And up behind along the reins outspread it.
57 With its middle feet it gripped his belly; with the front ones it seized his arms; then it bit both his cheeks; the hind feet it stretched out along his thighs, threaded its tail between the two legs, and drew it up behind along his loins. · Verses 52-57
Ivy was never fastened by its barbs
58 Unto a tree so, as this horrible reptile
59 Upon the other's limbs entwined its own.
60 Then they stuck close, as if of heated wax
61 They had been made, and intermixed their colour;
62 Nor one nor other seemed now what he was;
63 Ivy never clung to a tree as that horrible beast wound its coils around that man's limbs. Then they fused together, as if they had been made of hot wax, and blended their color, so that neither one nor the other looked at all like what it had been before. · Verses 58-63
E'en as proceedeth on before the flame
64 Upward along the paper a brown colour,
65 Which is not black as yet, and the white dies.
66 The other two looked on, and each of them
67 Cried out: "O me, Agnello, how thou changest!
68 Behold, thou now art neither two nor one."
69 As from a flame, a brownish color rises up through the paper, which is not yet black and the white fades away, so they were transformed. The other two kept watching, and each cried out: "Ah, Agnel, how you are changing! Look, you are no longer two nor one." · Verses 64-69
Already the two heads had one become,
70 When there appeared to us two figures mingled
71 Into one face, wherein the two were lost.
72 Of the four lists were fashioned the two arms,
73 The thighs and legs, the belly and the chest
74 Members became that never yet were seen.
75 Every original aspect there was cancelled;
76 Two and yet none did the perverted image
77 Appear, and such departed with slow pace.
78 The two faces had already become one, when two mixed shapes appeared within a single face, in which both had been lost. The arms were made from four strips; the thighs along with the legs, the belly, and the chest became limbs that had never been seen before. Every original feature was gone: the distorted image seemed two and yet no one; and it went off with a slow step. · Verses 70-78
Even as a lizard, under the great scourge
79 Of days canicular, exchanging hedge,
80 Lightning appeareth if the road it cross;
81 Thus did appear, coming towards the bellies
82 Of the two others, a small fiery serpent,
83 Livid and black as is a peppercorn.
84 And in that part whereat is first received
85 Our aliment, it one of them transfixed;
86 Then downward fell in front of him extended.
87 As the green lizard, under the great lash of the dog days, darting from hedge to hedge, seems a streak of lightning if it crosses the road, so there appeared, coming toward the belly of the other two, a little burning serpent, livid and black as a peppercorn; and it pierced one of them in the part from which we first draw nourishment; then it fell down stretched out before him. · Verses 79-87
The one transfixed looked at it, but said naught;
88 Nay, rather with feet motionless he yawned,
89 Just as if sleep or fever had assailed him.
90 He at the serpent gazed, and it at him;
91 One through the wound, the other through the mouth
92 Smoked violently, and the smoke commingled.
93 The pierced man stared at it, but said nothing; instead, with his feet planted firm, he yawned as if sleep or fever had come over him. The serpent and the man kept gazing at each other; the one breathed hard through his wound and the other through his mouth, and the two puffs of smoke met and clashed. · Verses 88-93
Henceforth be silent Lucan, where he mentions
94 Wretched Sabellus and Nassidius,
95 And wait to hear what now shall be shot forth.
96 Be silent Ovid, of Cadmus and Arethusa;
97 For if him to a snake, her to fountain,
98 Converts he fabling, that I grudge him not;
99 Because two natures never front to front
100 Has he transmuted, so that both the forms
101 To interchange their matter ready were.
102 Let Lucan now be silent there where he tells of wretched Sabellus and of Nasidius, and let him pay attention to hear what is told now. Let Ovid be silent about Cadmus and about Arethusa; for if the one changes into a serpent and the other into a fountain, I do not envy him; since never did two natures, face to face, transform themselves so swiftly ready to exchange their matter with each other. · Verses 94-102
Together they responded in such wise,
103 That to a fork the serpent cleft his tail,
104 And eke the wounded drew his feet together.
105 The legs together with the thighs themselves
106 Adhered so, that in little time the juncture
107 No sign whatever made that was apparent.
108 He with the cloven tail assumed the figure
109 The other one was losing, and his skin
110 Became elastic, and the other's hard.
111 I saw the arms draw inward at the armpits,
112 And both feet of the reptile, that were short,
113 Lengthen as much as those contracted were.
114 The forked tail took on the shape that was being lost in the other, and its skin grew soft, while the man's grew hard. I saw the arms tuck themselves under the armpits, and the beast's two feet, which were short, stretch out as much as those arms grew shorter. · Verses 109-114
Thereafter the hind feet, together twisted,
115 Became the member that a man conceals,
116 And of his own the wretch had two created.
117 While both of them the exhalation veils
118 With a new colour, and engenders hair
119 On one of them and depilates the other,
120 Then the hind feet, twisting together, became the member that man conceals, and the wretch found he had two of his own. While the smoke wrapped them both in a new color, and produced hair on one part and stripped it from the other, the one rose up and the other fell to the ground. · Verses 115-120
The one uprose and down the other fell,
121 Though turning not away their impious lamps,
122 Underneath which each one his muzzle changed.
123 He who was standing drew it tow'rds the temples,
124 And from excess of matter, which came thither,
125 Issued the ears from out the hollow cheeks;
126 What did not backward run and was retained
127 Of that excess made to the face a nose,
128 And the lips thickened far as was befitting.
129 Without turning away their cruel eyes, beneath which each one was changing his face. What had stood upright drew itself toward the temples, and from the excess matter that arrived there, ears sprouted from the smooth cheeks; what did not flow back and was retained formed the nose on the face and thickened the lips as needed. · Verses 121-129
He who lay prostrate thrusts his muzzle forward,
130 And backward draws the ears into his head,
131 In the same manner as the snail its horns;
132 And so the tongue, which was entire and apt
133 For speech before, is cleft, and the bi-forked
134 In the other closes up, and the smoke ceases.
135 The one lying on the ground thrust its muzzle forward and drew the ears back into its head, as a snail does with its horns; and the tongue, which before had been joined and ready to speak, split apart, while the other's, forked, closed up again; and the smoke ceased. · Verses 130-135
The soul, which to a reptile had been changed,
136 Along the valley hissing takes to flight,
137 And after him the other speaking sputters.
138 Then did he turn upon him his new shoulders,
139 And said to the other: "I'll have Buoso run,
140 Crawling as I have done, along this road."
141 The soul that had become a beast, hissing, fled off through the valley, and the other spat after it as he spoke. Then he turned his newly changed back toward it, and said to the other: "I want Buoso to run, as I have done, on all fours along this path." · Verses 136-141
In this way I beheld the seventh ballast
142 Shift and reshift, and here be my excuse
143 The novelty, if aught my pen transgress.
144 And notwithstanding that mine eyes might be
145 Somewhat bewildered, and my mind dismayed,
146 They could not flee away so secretly
147 Thus I saw the seventh squad change and be transformed; and here let the strangeness of the sight excuse me if my pen goes astray. And although my eyes were rather confused and my mind bewildered, they could not have hidden themselves so well that I failed to make out Puccio Sciancato clearly. · Verses 142-147
But that I plainly saw Puccio Sciancato;
148 And he it was who sole of three companions,
149 Which came in the beginning, was not changed;
150 The other was he whom thou, Gaville, weepest.
151 And he was the one who, of the three companions who had come up first, was the only one who had not been transformed; the other was the one whom you, Gaville, mourn. · Verses 148-151
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